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Japanese Miso Salmon

Nutritional Value

1. High Protein and High Calorie

  • Salmon provides high-quality protein that helps maintain and repair the muscle tissues of cancer patients, providing energy. It is crucial for preventing and treating cancer-related muscle wasting.
  • Rice is an easily digestible carbohydrate that can help increase cancer patients' appetite and nutrient intake.

2. Easy to Digest and Absorb

  • Kale has a moderate fiber content, and is soft in texture after thorough cooking, which doesn't place a heavy burden on the gastrointestinal system. Cancer patients are usually able to digest and absorb it well.

3. Boosting Immune Function

  • Nutrients in bell peppers, such as B vitamins, vitamin C, β-carotene, and lycopene, can activate and protect immune cells, strengthening the immune system and enhancing the self-healing ability of cancer patients to better fight the disease [1].
  • Salmon provides high-quality proteins that are the main components of immune cells, helping the body produce white blood cells and antibodies. White blood cells and antibodies play a critical role in defending against external threats and repairing damaged cells, contributing to the maintenance and enhancement of immune cell function, and improving the patient's self-healing ability.
  • Kale is rich in β-carotene and vitamin K. After β-carotene is converted to active vitamin A, it can enhance the body's immune defense capabilities, which is very important for regulating and enhancing immune function [2].

4. Antioxidant Properties

  • Kale contains abundant vitamin C, lycopene, and glucosinolates, which are powerful natural antioxidants that can effectively remove free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage. It is also rich in antioxidants and dietary fiber, and contains indole-3-acetic acid, which can reduce the metabolism of carcinogenic hormones, inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, and lower the risk of breast and uterine cancer [3].

5. Inhibiting Cancer Cell Growth

  • Glucosinolates in kale have been proven to have potent anti-cancer properties, as they can repair cells, combat free radicals, thereby reducing carcinogenic activity and suppressing tumor formation [3].

References:

  1. Chávez-Mendoza, C., Sanchez, E., Muñoz-Marquez, E., Sida-Arreola, J. P., & Flores-Cordova, M. A. (2015). Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Grafted Varieties of Bell Pepper. Antioxidants, 4(2), 427–446. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox4020427
  2. Rao, E., Hou, Y., Huang, X., Wang, L., Wang, J., Zheng, W., Yang, H., Yu, X., Yang, K., Bugno, J., Ding, X., Vokes, E., Fu, Y.-X., Weichselbaum, R. R., & Liang, H. L. (2021). All-trans retinoic acid overcomes solid tumor radioresistance by inducing inflammatory macrophages. Science Immunology, 6(60). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.aba8426
  3. Soundararajan, P., & Kim, J. S. (2018). Anti-Carcinogenic Glucosinolates in Cruciferous Vegetables and Their Antagonistic Effects on Prevention of Cancers. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 23(11), 2983-. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112983

Ingredients

Preparation Time: 35-40 minutes

  • Salmon - 3 slices
  • Sweet peppers (red/orange/yellow) - as needed
  • Kale - as needed
  • Steamed white rice - one bowl
  • Miso paste - 1 tbsp
  • Cooking sake - 2 tbsp
  • Water - 3 tbsp
  • Oil - little amount
  • Salt - little amount
  • Sesame seeds (for garnish) - little amount
  • Seaweed (for garnish) -  little amount
  • Beetroot (for garnish) -  little amount

Directions

1. Wash and pat dry the salmon slices, then place them in an oven-safe dish.

2. In a bowl, combine the miso paste, cooking sake, and water, and mix well.

3. Pour the marinade over the salmon slices in the dish and let them marinate for 5 minutes. Preheat the oven to 200 °C.

4. Wash the sweet peppers and kale, and cut them into suitable sizes.

5. Cover the dish containing the salmon with aluminium foil and place it in the oven. Bake for 10 minutes.

6. Remove the aluminium foil and increase the oven temperature to 220 degrees Celsius (428 degrees Fahrenheit). Continue baking the salmon until done (~ 10-14 minutes, adjusting the time based on the quantity and thickness of the salmon slices and the oven's intensity).

7. Once the salmon is done, remove it from the dish and add the sweet peppers to the same dish. Bake until the sweet peppers are cooked.

8. Season the kale with a small amount of oil and salt. Sauté it or air fry it for 3-4 minutes until crispy to enhance the texture.

9. Plate the salmon, sweet peppers, and kale. Garnish with sesame seeds, seaweed, and beetroot. It's ready to serve.

 

Recipe prepared by 李欣俞 Janice (Outstanding recipe  of Healthy Recipe Competition 2024) 

Nutritional value: Yeung King Tung Kary (Research assistant, Department of Clinical Oncology, HKU)

Nutritional value reviewed by Dr. Daphne Wu (Food & Nutritional Science, HKU)